Found inside – Page 310It is reasonable to assume this since it is impossible to claim that Nigeria's machinery for detecting fraud or tracking down illegal traffic is anything near perfect . The Economic Effects of Smuggling The effect of smuggling on the economy of ... Found inside – Page 21011.6 THE PROBLEM OF SMUGGLING OR UNRECORDED TRADE FLOWS The report of a study ... affinities' as one of the major causes of smuggling in West Africa. Found inside – Page 84... exchange which causes the smuggling of Nigerian foodstuffs and manufactured goods across borders . The high premium on foreign exchange makes the smugglers ' endeavours worth the risks involved and deprives Nigerians of the few ... Found inside – Page 291Nigerian Economic Society ... It became clear however, that the system was open to a number of abuses and evasions and it greatly encouraged smuggling, more importantly, ... Perhaps part of the explanation is the inflationary effect of the devaluation of the naira in February 1973 and the serious bottlenecks at the ports. There are several hundreds of thousands of Nigerians throughout Europe, half of whom live in the United Kingdom. Found inside – Page 268... or ( 2 ) shoots at , wounds , or causes any grievous harm to a customs officer while engaged in the execution of his duty in the prevention of smuggling ... Found inside – Page 411The Abacha government then identified hoarding and smuggling as major causes of fuel shortage, and threatened those alleged to be involved with trial before ... Found inside – Page 285Causes, Concepts and Control Michael D. Lyman, Gary W. Potter. NIGERIAN DRUG TRAFFICKERS Nigerian - based organized crime groups have been heavily involved in smuggling large quantities of Southeast Asian heroin to the United ... Found inside – Page 181By making that provision, you are encouraging smuggling because we know that this ... He said any attempt to halt the process woula cause a shortfall in the ... Found inside – Page 25From the beginning of time , even up to a century ago , the Nigerian environment in diversity , scenic beauty and all , was a living paradise . ... of expired , banned or contraband chemicals and pesticides ; tokunbo fridges and air - conditioners ; the smuggling of rare wildlife etc etc. ... But these alone do not fully explain and account for the problems , because the real underlying causes reside in the ... Found insideFew obituaries for mill workers have been published in northern Nigerian ... by the deaths observed for all causes of a particular group of mill workers—for ... The book proposes a strategy that will allow Nigeria to increase the availability of quality jobs, reduce rising youth unemployment, and sustain and further accelerate the country s economic performance and growth. Found insideThis report is a first step towards building a qualitative understanding of the way illicit or criminal activities interact with the economy, security and development of West African States. Nigerian crude oil is being stolen on an industrial scale. Found inside – Page 128... the role of agro - climatic conditions ( rainfall and drought in particular ) in causing inflation in Nigeria ( Moser 1995 ) . ... of certain groups of Tokumbo ( used cars ) , at various times have in many cases served only to encourage smuggling . Found inside – Page 143freely between Cameroon, the Congo and the CAR and the import of firearms and the smuggling of ivory and of parrots is facilitated by uncontrolled borders. Found inside – Page 5However , we must put on record the enthusiasm of the Central Bank and the Nigeria Ports Authority . They not only attended to us promptly but answered our calls to find out the root causes of smuggling in the country . · TEXT OF OPENING ... Introduction /Rufus Akinyele and Ton Dietz --Stephen Ellis: his life and work /Gerrie ter Haar --Theft in early colonial Lagos, 1861-1906 /Paul Osifodunrin --Smuggling across the Nigeria-Benin border and its impact on Nigeria's economic ... Found inside – Page 19Kano, Nigeria (State). Military ... To guard against our usual losses of produce due to natural causes from pests , and human causes from smuggling , my government's policy of waging a relentless war on both fronts will continue through : ( 0 ) ... Found inside – Page 81Boko Haram and National Security Challenges in Nigeria; Causes and Solutions. ... Porous Borders and Boko Haram's Arms Smuggling Operations in Nigeria. Found inside – Page A-3Smuggling in the border region also causes persistent tension, with both Cameroon and Nigeria seeking to suppress illegal ... Relations improved in 1989 after the Nigerian seizure of a shipment of arms and explosives being smuggled into ... Found inside – Page 226But Nigeria ' s oil minister , Rilwanu Lukman , who is also the present president of Opec , has rejected accusations that the ... citing the effect of the exchange market scheme and smuggling across the borders as causes AGRICULTURE New ... Found inside – Page 151Members , that I think that in order to discourage smuggling group opposite . we should consider the following . ... I am not a bottle they should be sold at the same price happy , and nobody in this House is happy , to in Nigeria . ... observations . yearnings of the people of Calabar by establishIt is no use treating a disease without trying to ing some industries there , no power on earth find out the cause . This study shows that migrant smuggling routes affect every part of the world. It is based on an extensive review of existing data and literature. Found inside – Page 206In recent years, the share of smuggled petroleum products has declined slightly due to price increases in Nigeria. The share of smuggled gasoline has ... Found insideOne need not agree with everything Cressey writes to conclude that no one, after the publication of "Theft of the Nation", can be knowledgeable about organized crime without having read this book. Found inside[37] Available at: http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/humantrafficking/faqsmigrantsmuggling.html [38] See Nigeria: Economy $510B, biggest in Africa. Found inside – Page 73The same report states that despite technological advancements, Nigeria's ... spills from all causes, including bunkering (Nigeria and Oil, undated: 5-6). Found insideThis collection of essays explores the critical and fluid nature of security challenges that have plagued Nigeria since colonial times. Found insideThough predominantly on oil and gas law, this is nonetheless a veritable Reference Book on the oil and gas industry in Nigeria. Found inside – Page 618Death now for Nigeria ' s smugglers IN a bid to curb “ imported inflation ” and at the same time protect local industries , Nigeria ... An armed smuggler who causes injury to a staff of the Customs & Excise Department will face a death penalty ... Found inside – Page 460This comprises deaths directly caused by the use of SALWs and indirect causes ... for small arms, smuggling of contraband through Nigeria's porous borders, ... Found inside – Page 13A spatial analysis of Nigerian rice policy options Johnson, Michael E., Dorosh, ... premium prices causes fewer premium rice consumers to shift toward the ... Found insideThe Definition, Causes and Effects,” May 15, 2018. ... “21 Million Guns, Ammo Smuggled into Nigeria— Investigation,” Tribune, January 21, 2018. Found inside – Page 288Migrant smuggling is another variant of transnational organised crime that is ... to narratives on the causes and effects of trafficking, including women, ... An understanding the political economy of Nigeria is needed to reveal the root causes of its many ethnic, religious, economic, and political problems and to address them for the long term. Found inside – Page 169What are the causes of human smuggling ? ... How do Turkish people react to " shadow " society of smuggled migrants ? ... The ship , named Kalsit , carrying mostly men from Northern Iraq , Afghanistan , Sri Lanka , Nigeria and Sierra Leone ... Found inside – Page 226... and corruption persist . In commerce and industry , cheating , hoarding , smuggling , swindling ... General Considerations of Causes of Mis - match First , we are convinced that societal values are no longer as static as the pre industrial ones . Found inside – Page 263... 37 Nigeria FDI in, 186 and transit of drugs, 195 Offshore banks, 33, 40 “Oil for food” ... See also Black market economy; Smuggling economic effects of, ... Found inside – Page 16... resulting in hundreds of millions of dollars of smuggled petroleum ... 88 Since 1975 , it is estimated that $ 50- $ 100 billion of Nigeria's over $ 400 ... Found insideIt is reasonable to assume this since it is impossible to claim that Nigeria's machinery for detecting fraud or tracking down illegal traffic is anything near perfect . . The Economic Effects of Smuggling The effect of smuggling on the economy of ... A striking new interpretation of colonial policing and political violence in three empires between the two world wars. Found insideThe vicious circle causes higher The Government ' s campaign the Nigerian tobacco companies had prices , more unemployment and against smuggling hasn ' t yet yielded their sales been higher . makes Nigerian - made products more ... Found inside – Page 391Some ( of the weapons ) are smuggled in through Nigerian ports , or the many illegal jetties in the Niger Delta . ... 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