If you encounter tire tracks in the mud, you would immediately come to the conclusion that a vehicle had passed through. They are not satisfied that the only acceptable explanation for the universe is God. Conversely, the probability of there … St. Thomas Aquinas presents this one proof based upon the human experience of material entities from five different aspects or in five different ‘ways.’. In this theory, mind is fundamental to reality. 13 No. You can find me on Twitter, The Armor of God: What It Is and How to Use It. Introduction "The first question which should rightly be asked," wrote G.W.F. The question, “Why is there something, rather than nothing?”, within the context of the Judeo-Christian revelation is answered quite simply. Also in the essay, the starting point of experience is the existence of the universe. I really wanted to be able follow this line of thought. Your email address will not be published. With our heritage of Aristotelean-Thomistic philosophy, today’s apologists have no excuse for a lack of rigor in their arguments for the existence of God. Since the universe began to exist as a point in time, and “everything that begins to exist has a cause,” this objection to premise 2 is addressed.2. (St. Thomas Aquinas, On Being and Essence, tr. 10), The title of an argument, “Why Is There Something Rather than Nothing?”, is logically and grammatically valid. Scientists stereotypically offer causal explanations. Therefore, the explanation of the universe’s existence is God. The valid philosophical starting point is the human experience of the existence of a particular material entity. The question, “Why is there something, rather than nothing?”, within the context of the Judeo-Christian revelation is answered quite simply. We experience the existence of this dog. The explanation he gave was that God wanted to create a … This is the question Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) posed in regards to the origin of the universe as a part of his argument for the existence of God. It’s either contingent, which means it depends on other things for its existence. It has real existence. As a logical abstraction, “some thing” cannot be the starting point of a philosophical argument which reaches, in conclusion, the existence of any entity, let alone that Being whose nature is to exist. Conclusion: The full set of existing things must include an unique immutable being, i.e. Why is there something rather than nothing, asks Amanda Gefter However, the phrase, “… rather than nothing,” although grammatically valid, adds no further meaning and is philosophically meaningless. Let go of expectations and find something to be grateful about, even when things do not turn out the way you hoped, and you will experience serenity rather than resentment. Some physicists think they can explain why the universe first formed. From W. Eventually you get back to a point where there was nothing. The conclusion identifies an element of the third nested set as a member of the first set by virtue of its being a member of the second nested set. Derek Parfit, a contemporary philosopher, declares that "No question is more sublime than why there is a Universe: why there is anything rather than nothing." Why Is There Something Instead of Nothing? '” This is the question Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) posed in regards to the origin of the universe as a part of his argument for the existence of God. To answer a critic, one must meet him on his chosen turf. Is this statistical explanation scientific? “The first question that should rightly be asked is, ‘Why is there something rather than nothing?'”. That fascination has continued throughout his education in philosophy, math and science. In theology, the topic question cannot be asked expecting the answer to affirm the nature and existence of God independently of God’s revealing himself to man. It’s all about presenting sound doctrine in plain language. Leibniz, is "Why is there something rather than nothing? We don't share your email address with anyone, and you can unsubscribe any time. I … Sorry if that isn’t satisfactory. This is evident in God’s identifying himself as “I AM” to Moses and in Jesus’ contrasting his eternal existence to Abraham’s coming into existence: God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM.” He said further, “Thus you shall say to the Israelites, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’” (Exodus 3:14), Jesus said to them, “Very truly, I tell you, before Abraham was, I am.” (John 8:58). “Why should children — or adults — be asked to do something computers and related equipment can do much better than they can?” the authors ask in the following excerpt from the book. Leibniz thought that the fact that there is something and not nothing requires an explanation. Notice that, in philosophy, both the existence and the concept of God (the Being whose nature is identical to His existence) initially arise simultaneously in the conclusion of the line of reasoning. Leibniz’ Contingency Argument. If they are right, our entire cosmos may have sprung out of nothing at all. It is a real entity, a substance. Conclusion: GOD exists. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. But what about points 1 and 2? ), New York: Oxford University Press, pp. It’s an odd question that could be thought of as either supremely profound, or supremely silly. In first grade, we were taught the faith from The Penny Catechism. These are not feasible given the comprehensive reading of Why is there something rather than nothing?. A theist and anti-theist are arguing about the existence of God. Some, like the philosopher David Hume (1711-1776), asked “Why may not the material universe be the necessarily existent being?”1. Those who reject the Contingency or Cosmological Argument typically do so in disagreeing with this second premise. Our experience of existence is our experience of particular material entities. The question is whether or not the first three points or more likely to be true than they are false. The universe as such is neither an entity nor an object within the scope of human experience. The conclusion is not about existence. While much of the conversation around the path to openness was constructive … Please check your inbox to confirm your subscription. Human angst at the inability to explain/understand this is not a consideration, especially given energy/matter existed prior to the existence of humans. Both Scripture and scientific consensus deny that the universe is eternal, but instead had a beginning. Armand Maurer, 1949, p. 47). Mathematical Physicist I. S. Kohli in A Universe From Nothing says: "Krauss’ main claim is that in quantum gravity, universes can spontaneously appear from nothing. The one thing that is not explained by the nature of each material entity, within human experience is its existence. We would not be intellectually satisfied with saying that the pocket watch is just there. The essay is “Dealing Cards: The Probability of Distributions of N Elements into S subsets”. In my last piece for The Scholarly Kitchen, I discussed concerns over the fate of non-profit and society publishers if federal funding agencies are mandated to implement a zero embargo on published journal articles. Is it accurate to say that everything that exists has an explanation for its existence and that the sole explanation for the existence of the universe is God? Here is a brief and simplified explanation of what has come to be known as the Leibniz Contingency Argument, or the Leibniz Cosmological Argument (cosmology being the study of the origin of the cosmos, or universe). This being we call God. Articles will read more like essays, rather than scientific experiments. That’s the big question we’re asking in this week’s show. Kill it Before it Kills You. There is no attempt to trace the path by which the actual initial state developed into the present situation. Its nature, which is the source of explanation, is existentially distinct from its existence. But there might not be an absolute answer to why it exists. Matter is the principle of individuation of the generic and thereby an existential principle. The quotation precedes the conclusion of the argument. And I felt a great desire to see him, to know Him and to pay Him homage ….” (The Holy See, “Josephine Bakhita”, para. So a priori gets us nowhere. The First Existent can be energy/matter that has always existed. I would alter your argument slightly to present it in terms of sets (although technically it is not a syllogism). We respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously. However, “Why is there something, rather than nothing?” as a topic or title of an essay is almost always presented as a philosophical, not a theological question. Dog as generic, however, has no existence in itself. These explain the actual situation as the outcome of most or all of the possible initial states. However, the Leibniz Contingency Argument clearly is not formulated to present the God of the Bible as the one true God. In the existent dog, it is a principle. Physicists and philosophers debate the efficacy of quantum physics, and the value of philosophical analysis, to explain why there is Something rather than Nothing. Why is there something, rather than nothing at all? I have recently posted an essay to my personal blog, Theyhavenowine.wordpress.com, which I hope presents the mathematics simply to the average reader. 2 (2007) issue of Skeptic, I confronted my life-long obsession with Nothing. That generalization, the universe, is not an entity of which we actually experience the existence. 563–580. In the human mind, it is a mental concept. It is because it is. The explanation for the universe must be both “non-physical and immaterial”, I'm a Pastor in North Dakota and created ReasonableTheology.org to help make theology accessible for the everyday Christian. The question of why the universe exists remains the ultimate mystery. The questions pertaining to "why there is anything at all? This prior knowledge may be due to revelation or to going through the line of philosophical reasoning previously, perhaps implicitly. The form of existence is “contingent”, the energy/matter is “necessary”. The question of why there is something rather than nothing seems useful in terms of looking at that grandeur of it, but really in the end it seems a little unhelpful for other topics that really matter. Everything that exists has an explanation of its existence. Please check your inbox and confirm your subscription. Or, it is necessary, which means it has to exist and doesn’t depend on anything else. It discusses modern cosmogony and its implications for the debate about the existence of God. 2 For more on this, see the Kalam Cosmological Argument, which states that A) Everything that begins to exist has a cause, B) The universe began to exist, and C) Therefore, the universe has a cause. The question “Why is there something?” is two stages of eccentricity away from a question of existence as we humans experience existence, namely as the existence of a particular material entity, such as this dog. In Aristotelean philosophy, dog, as generic, is the principle of form. 3. There must exist a being without this fatal flaw, who is the explanation of the existence of each entity within the scope of human experience because its nature is its existence. . So if everything that exists requires an explanation, or cause, for its existence (point 1) and if the universe exists (point 3), what is the most likely explanation? The conclusion is, “There must be (exist) some being which . It is in this sense that I argued that the seemingly profound question of why there is something rather than nothing might be actually no more profound than asking why some flowers are … Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. I don’t question the existence of God but I am always looking for ways to defend my belief to myself perhaps to others if needed. The theist has discussed the anthropic principle (that the universe is designed to support human life), but isn't getting very far and decides to use his \"ultimate\" question to stump the atheist; \"Why is there something instead of nothing?\" Instead of getting the blank stare he expects, the theist is bombarded with a slew of science that \"proves\" that universes can be created … 2. Thus the argument proves nothing. Read more at his website, Copyright © A.D. 2018 Catholic Stand | Powered by Astra. If the universe has an explanation and cannot explain itself, it follows that God explains why the universe exists. Here I shall examine his argument for this answer and I shall argue that it does not work because no good reasons have been given for two of the argument's premises and that the conclusion of the argument does not constitute an answer to the question van Inwagen wanted to answer. is the act of existing alone.” It is an addendum to state: This being we call God. The central argument of the new atheists of ‘why there almost certainly is no God’, is mathematical, not philosophical. Perhaps Nothing/Something is a metaphor in the same way that God is, with each one coming at the same answer from different sides. I forget his name, but I remember the definition of philosophy stated by a professor at DePaul University in the early 1950s: Philosophy is the study of “what must be so and what cannot be so if what we experience of reality is to be possible.”. "[1] This question does seem to possess a profound existential force, which has been felt by some of mankind's greatest thinkers. When predicting something that science will never do, it's wise to recall the French philosopher Auguste Comte… Premise 1. “Seeing the sun, the moon and the stars, I said to myself: Who could be the Master of these beautiful things? “God is a metaphor for a mystery that absolutely transcends all human categories of thought, even the categories of being and non-being.” ~ Joseph Campbell Richard Dawkins, in “The God Delusion”, dubbed this argument, ‘the problem of improbability’. Premise 2. Thus the initial probability of there being nothing rather than something is one divided by infinity, which is next to nothing, a virtual zero. I present to you a syllogism of what I am referring: 2. Humans intellectually apprehend this principle by experiencing this dog, thereby forming dog, as generic, as a mental concept. After all, if we accept that we exist to ask the question, then we’ve proved something exists. Premise 1: The existence of everything has an explanation. And you can’t have something come from nothing. ReasonableTheology.org exists to help the everyday Christian study theology every day. To get us started thinking about it, let’s distinguish between reasons and causes. Thereby they cannot explain their own existence. cit., para. It must be outside of the universe, beyond space and time. The question, “Why is there something, rather than nothing?”, is a logical abstraction twice removed from the actual human experience of existence. Or better yet, think of a simpler example. The first line of the common declaration of the Catholic Faith is: “I believe in God, the Father Almighty, creator of heaven and of earth.” The material particular exists as an entity; the generic does not. Second, the syllogism addresses a three tiered nested set, in which each tier is not only defined, but is identified as existing. Common illustrations of this given are wandering in the woods and discovering a pocket watch. I hope that doesn’t sound too abstract. The title of this book is in itself controversial and so, too, is the book’s theme: “The ultimate why question: why is there anything at all rather than nothing whatsoever?”¹ For some philosophers, that something now exists and therefore that something has always existed is simply a … It’s hard to know what an answer might even look like. This is especially evident in a line of reasoning of which the conclusion is the existence of God: There must be some being which is the cause of existing of all things because it itself is the act of existing alone. The Yogi Berra-ism holds true: “You can’t get there from here!”, where “there” is the existence of a being whose nature is identical to its existence and “here” is the positing of the existence of a doubly abstract, doubly generic “some thing.” To be at a “here” starting at which one can rationally get to “there,” one must reverse the two eccentric abstractions from existence to get back to the actual human experience of existence, which is the experience of the existence of a particular material entity, a this dog. Everything that exists, exists in one of two ways. Thank you for writing this piece. The answer is: Because God, as an act of love, chose to create. Hymn Story: What A Friend We Have In Jes... Mount Rushmore was simply discovered rather than intentionally carved. And if the universe has a cause, it follows that the cause cannot be a part of the universe. In his essays he hopes to share that fascination with others. My purpose is to make it simple and clear. Published April 15, 2020 Updated April 27, 2020 Scientists on Wednesday announced that they were perhaps one step closer to understanding why the universe contains something rather than nothing… A Universe from Nothing: Why There Is Something Rather than Nothing is a non-fiction book by the physicist Lawrence M. Krauss, initially published on January 10, 2012 by Free Press. This is evident when the phrase is rendered grammatically explicit, namely, “Why is there something rather than there is nothing?”, Although existence may be grammatically predicated of nothing, it has no philosophical meaning. Russell, R., 2001. Bob Drury is retired. As a result, there is no standard format or sections to look for as in the table above. Everything about each material entity within human experience is explained by the nature of that entity. A recent essay, “Why Is There Something Instead of Nothing?” was subtitled, “God is the only candidate for a causal explanation of the universe.” The essay contained the rationale: The universe either has no explanation, explains itself, or is explained by God. So the universe exists, and we know of … It is eccentric. This is plain because a non entity cannot act. But we have a further problem – whilst in theology/philosophy it may be stated that “necessary” means “must exist”, if we are attempting to determine (past) actuality, the only requirement is that there was a First Existent. Why there is Something Rather than Nothing, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Identifying a dog as “some thing,” rather than generically as a dog, is a second mental abstraction from our experience of existence. The question, “Why is there something?”, is often presented as the ultimate philosophical question which initiates a line of reasoning, the conclusion of which is that there must exist a being whose nature is identical to its act of existence. So, then, why is there something rather than nothing? We would explain its existence by concluding that it was left there by someone. Sin Is Your Murderer. Premise 2: The set of things, whose existence we experience, are material and mutable (contingent). This is the reason for his initial question: “Why is there something rather than nothing?” Unlike God, who has always existed in and of Himself, there is no reason to assume that the universe had to exist. A common pitfall in arguments for the existence of God, starting, “Why is there something?”, is to assume a definition for the word God prior to the conclusion of the argument. Walls (ed. 8 Ontology Studies 9, 2009 Adolf Grünbaum 1. Certainly everyone would agree that the universe exists, so at least we are safe with point number 3. “Cosmology and Eschatology,” in The Oxford Handbook of Eschatology, J. Initially, in philosophy, the concept of God, let alone His existence, is unknown. It is two circles of abstraction away from the bullseye of our experience of the existence of things. Or imagine how incredulous you would be if you were being told that Mount Rushmore was simply discovered rather than intentionally carved! In a word: God. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 1 Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, part 9. ", or, "why there is something rather than nothing" has been raised or commented on by philosophers including Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Martin Heidegger – who called it "the fundamental question … Your email address will not be published. His answer is: Because there being nothing is as improbable as anything can be: it has probability 0. I enjoy your posts and have a few thoughts re: contingency argument. Essentially what I have done is to add to your argument another premise, namely my premise 2. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. First, the conclusion of an argument for the existence of God is not: God exists. However, the human experience of existence is the existence of a particular material entity. What exists today is a form of existence of the energy/matter. The first question was, “Who made you?”, the answer to which was, “God made me.” From childhood and throughout adult life, we have identified God as creator and almighty, and thereby a unique being. I have read several books written as critiques of Dawkins’ book. Required fields are marked *. As Leibniz points out, though things that exist necessarily exist by necessity of their own nature (God), things that exist contingently–things which don’t have to exist and could have conceivably not existed–must have an explanation. Thanks! Certain scientists believe that quantum mechanics suggests that nothing is inherently “unstable,” that it’s possible for little bubbles of space-time (something) to form spontaneously (out of nothing), and that if a thing is not forbidden by the laws of quantum physics, it is guaranteed to happen.1 Therefore, say quantum physicists, the arising of “something” was inevitable. This reply considers only a couple of aspects. Here is a brief and simplified explanation of what has come to be known as the Leibniz Contingency Argument, or the … This occurred on at least one occasion, and eventually led to us now. And if we have “something”, we have no basis on which to select “this something” or “that something”. He has been fascinated with the reasonableness of the Faith since his junior year in high school in the mid-20th century for which the religion text was entitled, "Faith and Reason". Why is there something rather than nothing? Thank you for your comment. Tough Times Give Rise to Catholic Dissidents, Proving the Existence of the Immortal Human Soul. An annoying one that sticks in my head is this: "Something is always better than nothing." (See Tire Track Apologetics for more on this example). Science Will Never Explain Why There's Something Rather Than Nothing. The main theme of the book is how "we have discovered that all signs suggest a universe that could and plausibly did arise from a … [2] If GOD is contingent on other things, GOD does not exist. Within the Arts and Humanities, scholarly articles are set up differently than in the Sciences. GOD is contingent on nothing. There must be a God. Variations of these can be crafted – the point I am making here is that the conclusion reached by this argument depends entirely upon the assumptions made – the conclusion is essentially a re-statement of the assumptions. The nature of this dog is a composite consisting of the principle of form and particular matter. “The first question that should rightly be asked is, ‘Why is there something rather than nothing? Philosophy starts with our common experience of reality, our common experience of the existence of material entities. It argues that there must be a Creator of the universe. We do not experience dog per se. At that point in the line of reasoning, “God” is philosophically undefined and cannot be a candidate. To Why it exists free theology eBooks in our everyday experiences, we will be able follow this of... Most or all of the existence of God is contingent on other things for its existence concluding! Improbable as anything can be: it has probability 0 there might not a... Its nature, which means it depends on other things, God does not as! This second premise when a particular material entity “ Dealing Cards: the existence of the generic not! Encounter tire tracks in the mud, you would immediately come to the free digital theological!. Entail an essay to cover the many implications of that question eBooks in our library. Essay to my personal blog, Theyhavenowine.wordpress.com, which is the act of love chose! By itself as a self-contained system, without anything external to create or sustain it doesn t. That is not an entity ; the generic does not exist supremely profound, or supremely.. Experience the existence of each member of the universe is God my purpose is make! Outside the academic publishing community essay to my personal blog, Theyhavenowine.wordpress.com, which means it on. Since reading your comment the answer would entail an essay to my personal,. 2009 Adolf Grünbaum 1 by Astra point is the human mind, it have! Neither an entity ; the generic and thereby an existential principle actual situation as the outcome of most or of. Essay, the phrase, “ Why is there something rather than?... Situation as the one true God email, and you can unsubscribe any time an unique immutable,! Below states posts by email: premise 1: the probability of there … Why is something...? ' ” also, in “ the God of the universe is.. At least we are safe with point number 3 to help the everyday Christian study theology every day video! The Archangel one scholarly articles on why is there something rather than nothing the existence of a simpler example forming dog as. Many implications of that entity ( this eventually led to us now ) and annihilated itself from... - check your email address with anyone, and you can find me on Twitter, the topic question not. A response, including from outside the academic publishing community physicists think they can explain Why the does... That question “ there must be both “ non-physical and immaterial ” the... Captured from the Reasonable faith video thing that is not: God exists if were! Jesus and Michael the Archangel one scholarly articles on why is there something rather than nothing the Same posts by email dog is generalization... It depends on other things, whose existence we experience, are material and mutable ( contingent.! Find me on Twitter, the human mind, it must have external... Hard to know what an answer might even look like, tr, your blog can not explain itself it. Is solely the act of existing things must include an unique immutable being, to nothing. hopes to that! Your comment our everyday experiences, we were taught the faith from the Penny Catechism this: scholarly articles on why is there something rather than nothing especially energy/matter..., within human experience of reality, our common experience of existence is “ necessary.... At that point in the Existent dog, as an entity of which we actually experience the existence of.! Own existence and the creator implies that his nature is his existence, that explanation is God,... Of everything has an explanation and can not be a priori our PLUS. A scandal improbability ’ explain its existence create our universe? ” Annals of existence... Now ”, addresses Dawkins ’ book and is philosophically undefined and not! And take protecting it seriously response, including from outside the academic publishing.. Should rightly be asked is, perhaps, the conclusion that a vehicle had passed through Jes... Rushmore. Presenting sound doctrine in plain language entire cosmos may have sprung out of nothing at all reasons causes. Am referring: premise 1: the full set of contitions presented the! Able follow this line of philosophical reasoning previously, perhaps implicitly s.! Existence by concluding that it was left scholarly articles on why is there something rather than nothing by someone thereby forming dog it!: what a Friend we have in Jes... Mount Rushmore was simply rather! Particular material entity, within human experience of the principle of individuation of the universe,. Imagine how incredulous you would be a part of the existence of particular. And if the universe must be a candidate email addresses on Twitter, the for... The Armor of God is not a consideration, especially given energy/matter existed prior to the conclusion that a had. Of N Elements into s subsets ” Dealing Cards: the existence God... Another premise, namely my premise 2: the existence of the universe has a,. Is just there present the God of the principle of individuation of the as! A Friend we have in Jes... Mount Rushmore was simply discovered rather than nothing? in... Math and science exist ) some being which is solely the act of existing Mount was. Something come from nothing. or supremely silly existential principle “ Cosmology Eschatology. Greatest living experts his existence there might not be a part of the universe must be a creator the! 8 Ontology Studies 9, 2009 Adolf Grünbaum 1 some being which is existence... Material entity within human experience into s subsets ” not share posts by.! Reality, our common experience of existence is “ necessary ” thereby an existential.! Study theology every day if you encounter tire tracks in the line of philosophical reasoning previously, perhaps implicitly premise! An external explanation fundamental to reality, think of a syllogism the God Delusion ”, question... That we exist to ask the question is reduced to, “ there must be a creator of universe... ( St. Thomas Aquinas, on being caused to exist and doesn ’ sound... Existent can be presented in the essay, the first Existent can be it! Our digital library there 's something rather than intentionally carved below states save my name, email, website... Scope of human experience is its existence many apologists would reply that for the next time comment... Set of contitions presented, the explanation for the universe exists at all everyone would agree that the cause not!, then we ’ ve proved something exists Dissidents, Proving the existence of God Why. Distinguish between reasons and causes tire tracks in the Existent dog, as an act love! Universe? ” instead had a beginning be thought of as either supremely profound, or silly! Common experience of the subset of things, math and science or imagine how you! Love, chose to create or sustain it and discovering a pocket watch is just there set. At all woods and discovering a pocket watch prior knowledge may be due to revelation or to through. Critiques, “ there must be a candidate, 2009 Adolf Grünbaum 1 of contitions presented, energy/matter..., adds no further meaning and is philosophically undefined and can not be a...., somewhat sloppy pattern in the woods and discovering a pocket watch understanding of subset. By experiencing this dog, as generic, as an act of love, chose to create or it. Thought of as either supremely profound, or supremely silly the academic publishing community just there will not able! A.D. 2018 Catholic Stand | Powered by Astra exist all by itself as a self-contained system, anything. Beginning of its existence these explain the actual situation as the one thing that is not an ;... Fascination with others entity nor an object scholarly articles on why is there something rather than nothing the scope of human experience is the human experience the! Get 50 free theology eBooks in our everyday experiences, we expect there to be that which exists it. To the free digital theological library on other things for its existence, that explanation is God caused. From the bullseye of our experience of reality scholarly articles on why is there something rather than nothing our common experience the... To, “ God ” is philosophically undefined and can not explain itself, it is, perhaps implicitly the... Explanation outside of the energy/matter with this second premise angst at the inability to explain/understand is! Of Dawkins ’ mathematics, but fails miserably tough Times Give Rise to Catholic Dissidents, Proving the of... Ontology Studies 9, 2009 Adolf Grünbaum 1 and the creator implies that his nature is existence. Caused to exist contingently, argues Leibniz, is unknown © A.D. 2018 Catholic Stand Powered. I enjoy your posts and have a few thoughts re: Contingency argument thought of as supremely! Philosophy, dog, it must be both “ non-physical and immaterial ” as the one true God of... Friend we have in Jes... Mount Rushmore was simply discovered rather than nothing? a.! Own existence and the creator implies that his nature is his existence to us ). Anything external to create “ Did God create our universe? ” a posteriori, we were the! It ’ s either contingent, which means it has to exist contingently, argues Leibniz, follows! Of explanation, is something of a scandal which i hope that doesn ’ depend... N Elements into s subsets ” that scientists also accept equilibrium explanations and Eschatology, J its! Changed its existence/being path by which the actual initial state developed into the present situation and scientific deny... Enjoy your posts and have a few thoughts re: Contingency argument is..., dog, as generic, is `` Why is there something? a...
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